Medicines · SAHPRA

The door is open. The price is a ratchet

For once the regulatory news is good: the MHRA is named, by name, as a recognised regulatory authority. The barrier has moved downstream. You set your South African price once, and after that the only lawful increase is a percentage the Minister of Health announces each November — 1.47 per cent for 2026 — calculated by a method the Department declines to publish.

SECTION 22G · THE SINGLE EXIT PRICE Your launch price unregulated, set once UP DOWN The Minister's annual percentage 1.47% for 2026 · method not published A price cut two working days' notice, any time No published route to an out-of-cycle increase on cost, currency or hardship.
The asymmetry is the market. Everything a UK exporter models for South Africa should start from the arrow that is thin.
Namedthe MHRA, on its own line in SAHPRA's recognised-authority list
1.47%the maximum price increase permitted across the private market for 2026
2010the year an external reference pricing regime was drafted — and never promulgated
2035the end of the rolling renewal roadmap every registration is now on
The question this page turns on

The MHRA is on the list — and never fell off it

On the devices side of this site, South Africa recognises six foreign jurisdictions and the United Kingdom is not among them. On medicines the answer inverts completely. SAHPRA's Reliance Guideline names the recognised regulatory authorities one by one, and the MHRA has its own line.

SAHPGL-BAU-01 version 5, effective 6 August 2025, §4.1:

"SAHPRA's current RRAs include: European Union Centralised Procedure (EU CP); European Union Decentralised Procedure (EU DCP); Health Canada; Medicines and Health Products Regulatory Agency (MHRA (UK)); Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare (MHLW) / Pharmaceutical and Medical Devices Agency (PMDA) – Japan; Swiss Agency for Therapeutic Products (SwissMedic); Therapeutic Goods Administration (TGA) – Australia; US Food and Drug Administration (US FDA); WHO listed Authorities (WLA)."

The MHRA therefore appears twice over — by name, and again inside the WHO Listed Authorities entry. And the structure matters as much as the fact.

Brexit is a non-event here, and that is worth saying plainly. We read version 2 of the same guideline, dated 23 October 2021, and the MHRA is listed there too, on its own numbered line, separate from the EU Centralised and Decentralised Procedures. The guideline's own version-change notes between v2 and v5 record consolidation, a template change and the addition of the African Medicines Agency and EU-M4all — nothing about adding, removing or reinstating the United Kingdom. The UK never sat inside an EU entry here, so it never fell out of one. We could not obtain version 1 of July 2019 to confirm the pre-transition list directly, and we would rather tell you that than present the inference as a reading.

One consequence is that the MHRA's WHO Listed Authority designation of 7 August 2025 — the lever that matters in Saudi Arabia and Nigeria — buys a UK company nothing extra in South Africa. Version 5 of the guideline is dated the day before that designation, and already named the MHRA in its own right.

What reliance is worth

A thinner dossier and a waived inspection — but not a shorter clock

SAHPRA defines three reliance pathways, and they are genuinely useful. What they do not do is what everyone assumes they do.

PathwayWhat SAHPRA does
Abridged review"A streamlined review based primarily on full assessment reports from RRAs, replacing the need to evaluate all data"
Verified review"A streamlined review based primarily on verifying, instead of evaluating, information submitted in the application against information which has already been approved by SAHPRA or an RRA"
Recognition"A streamlined registration/approval process based on directly recognising the outcome of a review from an RRA"
  • The dossier

    Abridged review substitutes the reference authority's full assessment report for the complete module 2 to 5 data package. Module 1 regional administrative information is still required in full

    Reduced
  • The GMP inspection

    A site approved by a recognised regulator within the previous three years can obtain GMP approval without an on-site SAHPRA visit, where dosage-form grouping, product type and activities match

    Waivable
  • The review clock

    We read the Reliance Guideline in full. It contains no evaluation timelines at all — only an unquantified statement that reliance lets SAHPRA reduce evaluation times

    Not published

SAHPRA's published performance targets are set by product type, not by review pathway: 360 working days for a new chemical entity, 250 for a generic. Reliance buys you a smaller submission and a cheaper inspection. It does not buy you a published place further up the queue, and any adviser who promises one is not quoting SAHPRA.

On inspection, South Africa is unusually easy for a UK site. SAHPRA has been a full participating authority of the international inspection co-operation scheme since July 2007 — inherited from the Medicines Control Council — and its GMP guideline, effective 13 April 2026, adopts that scheme's own guide to good manufacturing practice as its standard and recognises certificates from its member authorities. The MHRA is a founding participant. A note of caution on wording: SAHPRA's guideline describes itself as "a affiliated member" of the scheme, while the scheme's own register shows SAHPRA as a full participating authority with no scope limitation. The register is the authoritative source; do not let anyone present "affiliated" to you as a limitation.

Published inspection fees, from the fee regulation: R1,660 per hour per inspector on site, with travel time reimbursed, against R2,200 per day per inspector for a desktop inspection. That gap is the commercial case for the documentary route in one line. These two figures reach us through a secondary compilation of the February 2025 fee regulation rather than from the gazette itself — see the gaps section for why.

The mechanism

One price, to everyone, forever

The Single Exit Price is made under section 22G of the Medicines Act and it survived a constitutional challenge in 2005. The Constitutional Court described it as a system in which the single exit price "must be the only price at which manufacturers may sell that medicine", and in which "wholesalers, distributors and retailers may not sell medicine at a price higher than the single exit price."

It governs the entire private market. The State buys outside it, by tender. On top of the SEP only two things may be added: a regulated dispensing fee charged by the pharmacy or dispensing doctor, and upstream a logistics fee the manufacturer pays the wholesaler.

There is no lawful volume discount, rebate or price competition to a pharmacy.

The Act provides that no person shall supply any medicine "according to a bonus system, rebate system or any other incentive scheme." One published price, to everyone in the private sector. If your commercial model anywhere else in the world runs on channel discounting, it does not run here. Note that final regulations defining the prohibited acts have never been issued — drafts went out for comment in 2014 and again in 2017 — so enforcement is, on the published record, ambiguous.

What does your price look like at the counter?

Enter an intended single exit price, excluding VAT. This applies the published dispensing-fee bands and the 2026 annual adjustment. It is arithmetic over published numbers, not advice — and the bands reach us through a secondary compilation, so treat the output as indicative.

R 190.09maximum dispensing fee in this band
R 640.09maximum private-sector price before VAT
R 456.62your SEP after the 2026 adjustment of 1.47%

Third band. The dispensing fee formula here is R122.59 plus 15 per cent of the single exit price.

The annual adjustment, as far as we can trace it

  • 2026
    1.47%press only
  • 2025
    5.25%press only
  • 2024
    ≈6.8%press only
  • 2019
    3.78%gazette

Only the 2019 figure is read from the gazette — Government Notice 29 in Gazette 42183, 23 January 2019, which we read in full. The 2026 notice is identified precisely as Government Notice 6881 in Gazette 53729 of 28 November 2025, but the published PDF is a scan with no text layer, so the 1.47 per cent figure reaches us from three independent press reports rather than from the instrument. We publish it marked. The gap between 2019 and 2024 is not a gap in the scheme; it is a gap in what we could read.

And the methodology is not published at all.

We read the 2019 notice in full. It determines a maximum percentage and sets submission and implementation deadlines. It states no formula and no factors. Press reporting in April 2026 records that the Department of Health declined industry's request for the Pricing Committee's methodology, that the pharmaceutical industry task group said it had asked repeatedly and unsuccessfully, and that it considered the opacity a breach of the Promotion of Administrative Justice Act. For context, 1.47 per cent sat below inflation of 3.6 per cent, below sectoral salary increases, and below the medical schemes regulator's own tariff guidance, in a year the rand depreciated around six per cent.

There is movement. In August 2026 the Department of Health, the Treasury, the trade department and the science department met the industry and committed to a joint review of the private-sector medicine pricing regulations, with the acting Director-General saying the department would prioritise a review of the 2026 increase. No completion date has been published. That review is live as we publish this, and it is the single thing on this page most likely to change.

Down is easy

What you may actually do to your price

The Department publishes the price-update process. Read the notice periods and the asymmetry states itself.

EventNotice required
Permanent price reduction2 working days
Temporary price reduction, minimum six weeks2 working days
Restoring the price after a temporary reduction ends30 working days
New medicine launch30 working days
New pack size30 working days
Discontinuation, re-introduction, amendment of details30 working days
An increase on grounds of cost, currency or hardshipno such route

From the Department of Health's SEP Update Guideline of 24 October 2023. The only increase the process contemplates is restoring a price you previously cut. We searched the guideline for a cost-based, exchange-rate-based or hardship route and there is none — confirmed absent, not merely unfound. Submissions are accepted between nine and twelve, Monday to Friday, one per email, with the declaration signed by both the chief financial officer and the responsible pharmacist.

There is one supplementary valve, the top-up increase, which the Minister has occasionally opened — most recently on terms published in August 2023, limited to products whose price had been adjusted under a specific earlier notice, and decided within 32 working days. It is discretionary and episodic. It is not a right, and it is not a plan.

The trap, stated once. Your launch price is unregulated — you declare it with thirty working days' notice and it is accepted. Exporters relax at that point. That declared price then becomes the only price you may sell at, forever, moved only by a ministerial percentage you cannot appeal. Get the launch number wrong and there is no published mechanism that will let you fix it.

The instrument in the drawer

An external reference pricing regime, drafted in 2010, never switched on

Government Notice R.1211 in Gazette 33878 of 17 December 2010 published, for comment, a "Methodology for International Benchmarking of Prices of Medicines and Scheduled Substances in South Africa". Sixteen years later it is still a draft.

What it says

GN R.1211 · GG 33878 · 17 Dec 2010
  • A basket of four reference countries: Australia, Canada, New Zealand and Spain
  • Phase 1, two years: the benchmark is the average of the three lowest prices in the basket, where that is lower than the South African price
  • Phase 2, thereafter: the benchmark is the lowest price in the basket
  • Currency converted by a three-year linear regression projecting monthly rates
  • Exemption only on proof the resulting price is "distorted and prejudicial to the manufacturer"

What its status is

Draft · unpromulgated
  • No external reference pricing system operates in South Africa today
  • The declaration form for a new medicine asks for prices in other countries — and nothing is done with the answer
  • We found no successor instrument and no notice of withdrawal, which is not the same as confirming it lapsed
  • The pricing regulations went under joint government–industry review in August 2026, which makes this the obvious instrument to be taken out of the drawer

We flag this not to alarm but because it is exactly the kind of thing a board should know before it sets a South African launch price. A fully drafted lowest-price-in-basket regime, with the basket already named, sitting unpromulgated and capable of being switched on by notice — and a live review that could reach it. If you are already selling in Australia, Canada, New Zealand or Spain, your South African exposure is knowable today.

The queue

The backlog was cleared. The arithmetic has not stopped.

SAHPRA inherited roughly sixteen thousand applications filed before it existed, some dating to 1992. It cleared them: the Backlog Clearance Programme concluded on 2 December 2022, and the UK government's own trade-barrier register records the SAHPRA registration backlog — barrier G53J39, reported October 2020 — as resolved in December 2022. That is a genuine achievement and it is why South Africa now reads as a functioning regulator.

But read the intake and output columns of SAHPRA's own 2024/25 annual report together.

ProgrammeReceivedFinalisedTarget
New chemical entities350134360 working days
Generic medicines2,691568250 working days
Unregistered medicines, section 2120,24520,2253 working days
Human clinical trials166130 due80 working days

Reporting period 1 April 2024 to 31 March 2025, presented to the Portfolio Committee on Health on 8 October 2025. SAHPRA reported achieving its targets in full, and it did — because the target is measured against the subset of files due for finalisation in the year, 46 new chemical entities and 149 generics, not against intake. On these published figures 3,041 new-medicine and generic applications arrived and 702 were finalised. That is our arithmetic on SAHPRA's numbers, not a published figure: SAHPRA does not publish an applications-on-hand figure, and neither the presentation nor the annual performance plan contains one.

Where the time actually goes. A peer-reviewed study co-authored from inside SAHPRA found that median total approval time for generics fell from 2,092 calendar days under the old Medicines Control Council to 511 days under risk-based assessment — while SAHPRA's own internal assessment time fell to a median of 68 to 73 days. The gap between 511 and 73 is queueing plus your response time, which under the old regime averaged 347 days against a 90-day target. The lever you control is the speed of your own answers, and it is a bigger lever than the pathway you file on.

A deadline nobody has had to meet before

Every registration is now on a roadmap to 2035

Section 15(6) of the Act has said for years that a medicine registration "shall be valid for a period of five years." It was not systematically enforced. As of a stakeholder communication dated 21 August 2025, it is.

  • Renewal applications are due six months before expiry

    With proof of fee payment, an updated electronic dossier baseline, the current certificate and the full variation history

    Six months
  • Product-specific roadmaps, scheduled quarterly by applicant, through to 2035

    SAHPRA is working through the entire register on a ten-year rolling call-up

    To 2035
  • Miss it, or file it incomplete, and the registration expires

    SAHPRA's words: the product registration is no longer valid and "the applicant must submit an entirely new registration application"

    Start again

Communication HPA-RNW01-2025/26 of 21 August 2025, the Medicines Certificate of Registration Renewal Implementation Framework. Electronic dossier conversion is attached as a condition. If you hold a legacy South African registration that has sat untouched for years, the thing to find out this month is which quarter you are scheduled in. There is no grace and there is no discretion in the published framework.

Who holds it, and who may sell

Two resident people, one responsible pharmacist, and a licence per activity

The registration guideline permits an applicant that is "a person, body corporate / juristic person, company, residing and doing business in South Africa", or a close corporation incorporated there. A foreign company is not flatly barred — but it must appoint a delegated responsible person resident in South Africa and an authorised person resident in South Africa. In practice that is why UK exporters use a subsidiary or a licensed local partner.

The people

  • A responsible pharmacist under the Pharmacy Act, under whose personal supervision licensed activities take place
  • The dossier signatory must be that pharmacist or another registered pharmacist responsible for regulatory affairs, with a person-specific letter of authorisation from the chief executive
  • A natural person resident in the Republic, answerable to SAHPRA for compliance
  • The pricing declaration is signed by the chief financial officer and the responsible pharmacist

The licences

  • Section 22C(1)(b) licences are issued per activity: manufacture, import, export, wholesale, distribute
  • A UK exporter's partner needs an import licence and a wholesale or distribution licence
  • A manufacturing licence only if any step, including secondary packaging, happens in South Africa
  • Licences run five years, and renewal must be filed at least 180 days before expiry

One gap we will not paper over: the registration guideline provides only for "Transfer of Applicancy with motivation in exceptional circumstances" — that is, transfer of a pending application. We could not find a published SAHPRA procedure for transferring a granted certificate of registration to a new holder; the variations addendum is the likely home for it and we could not retrieve it. Treat that as procedure-not-located, not as transfer-impossible — and settle the point in your contract rather than relying on a route neither of us can read.

The valve

Section 21 is a bridge, not a destination

Section 21 lets SAHPRA authorise the sale of an unregistered medicine. It is not merely a named-patient mechanism: the guideline provides for individual patients, bulk stock for a health establishment, bulk stock for a licence holder, State procurement and public health emergencies. And it is used at enormous scale — 20,245 applications in 2024/25, about twenty-eight times SAHPRA's combined new-medicine and generic intake, decided against a three-working-day target.

Why it is genuinely useful

  • Fast, high-volume and functional — 96% within three working days
  • Five application scenarios, including bulk and State procurement
  • A workable bridge while a registration runs

Why it is not a market

  • "Advertising and marketing are strictly prohibited"
  • Screening checks that six months' supply or less is requested
  • Section 21 medicines may not be exported
  • Adverse event reporting in 7 to 15 days, progress reports every six months, final report within 30 days
  • The authorisation "does not constitute an opinion that a medicine is safe, efficacious or of acceptable quality"
  • It sits outside the single exit price system entirely

Real products do live there long-term. But you cannot build a brand on a route where you may not advertise, each authorisation is quantity- and time-limited, and there is no declared price.

Who buys

Two markets, and in one of them price is not the lever

The private side is medical schemes: 71 registered schemes and 9.13 million beneficiaries, contributions of R226.9bn and healthcare benefits paid of R239bn in 2024/25. Prescribed minimum benefits oblige every scheme to cover emergencies, 271 diagnosis-treatment pairs and 26 chronic conditions — but schemes may run formularies and designated service providers.

Because the price is fixed by law, formulary placement is the whole competition.

Prescribed minimum benefit status guarantees cover for the condition. Which brand gets dispensed is decided by the scheme's formulary. You cannot discount your way onto it, because discounting is unlawful. Plan a South African launch as a medical and health-economic argument to scheme formulary committees, not as a commercial negotiation.

The public side is national transversal tenders run by the National Department of Health, on three-year contract terms. Local content operates as a preference rather than a threshold: a recent antiretroviral contract circular reserves preference for products whose "formulation and conversion processes … occur within the Republic of South Africa" and gives preference where the local manufacturing site is listed on SAHPRA's manufacturing licence, with awards allocated proportionally to the locally produced share. Pharmaceuticals have been a designated sector for local procurement since April 2012 — but we could find no published minimum local-content percentage for them, in the designation, the trade department's localisation table or the tender circular itself.

Whether the preference bites is contested. Trade-press reporting in August 2026 puts local manufacturers' share of the antiretroviral tender at 28 per cent of value in 2025, down from 72 per cent in 2008, and of the pills-and-capsules tender at 18 per cent, down from 56 per cent in 2014 — with industry arguing the department's focus on price defeats the localisation preference. For a UK exporter that cuts both ways: the preference is soft enough that imports are winning, and it is politically contested and under review.

The thing everyone asks about

National Health Insurance: signed, and not in force

The National Health Insurance Act was assented and signed on 15 May 2024. As at the date on this page, no section of it has been proclaimed or brought into operation.

  • The President agreed to delay proclamation

    In a statement of 24 February 2026, pending resolution of the litigation — while adding that the undertaking would not affect the implementation timetable

    Not commenced
  • The Constitutional Court heard the challenge on 5 to 7 May 2026

    On the public participation process that led Parliament to adopt the Bill. Judgment was reserved

    Reserved
  • An earlier High Court judgment of 6 May 2025 held the President's decision to assent reviewable

    It did not invalidate the Act; it established reviewability and ordered production of the record

    Reviewable

Do not confuse two Constitutional Court matters. A June 2026 judgment struck down the certificate-of-need provisions, which originate in the National Health Act of 2003 and which National Health Insurance would have operationalised. Several outlets reported it as an NHI ruling. It is not the public-participation case, and the Health Minister said in terms that it does not halt the broader programme. The honest position for a board is: signed, not in force, constitutionality reserved before the Constitutional Court, implementation detail unpublished — and no exporter should model around it yet.

Money out

Exchange control is documentary, not prohibitive

The rand is not freely convertible, and all cross-border payments run through an authorised dealer under the Currency and Exchanges Act and the 1961 regulations. There is no restriction on a South African importer paying a UK supplier for genuine imported goods, and advance payment against a supplier invoice is permitted. The regime is a documentary one.

One clause to put in the contract. For advance payments over R100,000, proof of importation — the customs declaration bearing its movement reference number — must be presented to the authorised dealer within four months of payment, and if the goods are not consigned the importer must notify within fourteen days of expiry. A shipping delay is therefore an exchange-control problem for your customer, not merely a logistics one. Manufacturers who ship late into South Africa create a compliance event for the very partner they depend on.

Honest gaps

What we could not confirm

  • The registration fee amounts

    The instrument is identified exactly — Government Notice 5856 in Gazette 52106 of 12 February 2025 — but the published PDF is a scanned image with no text layer for the schedule tables, on both the government and SAHPRA copies, and the payment guideline deliberately omits amounts. We publish no new-chemical-entity, generic, section 21 or retention fee figure.

  • Three headline pricing figures

    The 2026 adjustment of 1.47 per cent, the 2025 figure of 5.25 per cent and the current dispensing-fee bands all come from press and a price registry rather than from the gazette, for the same reason: the notices are scans. The instruments are cited precisely so you can verify them yourself.

  • Any cap on the logistics fee

    It appears as a column in the pricing spreadsheet and the amount is reported to vary considerably. We could not establish whether a published ceiling exists at all.

  • A procedure for transferring a granted registration

    Only transfer of a pending application, in exceptional circumstances, is published. The variations addendum was blocked on every attempt.

  • Reliance Guideline version 1, of July 2019

    Which would confirm the pre-Brexit-transition list directly. Our conclusion rests on version 2 of October 2021, version 5 of August 2025, and the absence of any UK-related entry in the guideline's own change history.

  • Whether the 2010 benchmarking draft was ever withdrawn

    We found no successor and no repeal notice. That is an absence of search results, not a document confirming lapse.

  • SAHPRA's applications-on-hand figure

    Confirmed absent from both the October 2025 parliamentary presentation and the annual performance plan. The accumulation figure on this page is our arithmetic on SAHPRA's published intake and output.

Several South African government gazette PDFs are published as images without a machine-readable text layer, which is why three of the most quoted numbers in this market cannot be verified from the instrument online. Where that affects a figure we say so on the line rather than in a footnote. One further caution: the commonly used third-party gazette mirror currently redirects to an unrelated domain and should not be relied on.

The other half of this market

If you also make devices

South Africa is the sharpest contrast on this site. For medicines you get a named recognised authority, a mutually recognised inspection, a cleared backlog and a functioning registration system — and then a price you cannot move. For devices there is no product registration at all: the scheme gazetted in 2016 has never been called up, what exists is an establishment licence issued in the name of one named individual who must live in the country, and the United Kingdom is absent from the six jurisdictions SAHPRA recognises for devices. Same regulator, same statute, opposite answers.

The medical devices page for South Africa → · What an MHRA approval is worth in all six markets →

Get the launch price right, because you only set it once

Send us the product, the pack and the prices you hold in Australia, Canada, New Zealand and Spain, and we will tell you what the regulatory route costs, where the renewal roadmap puts you, and what your South African price looks like five ministerial percentages from now.

Or reach us directly — mail@bcabusiness.co.uk · +44 7342 901002 · WhatsApp

Checked against SAHPRA, the Government Gazette,
the Constitutional Court and GOV.UK · 12 September 2026

Sources

  1. Medicines and Related Substances Act 101 of 1965 as amended, in particular ss. 15(6), 21, 22C(1)(b) and 22G. SAHPRA was created by the Amendment Acts 72 of 2008 and 14 of 2015, both commenced 1 June 2017; the Authority became operational in February 2018.
  2. SAHPGL-BAU-01 version 5, Reliance Guideline, effective 6 August 2025 — §4.1 the recognised regulatory authorities including the MHRA by name, the three reliance pathways, §9.1 the three-year GMP approval condition. And version 2, 23 October 2021, for the earlier list.
  3. SAHPGL-HPA-07 version 12, General Information Guideline, 11 December 2023 — applicant eligibility, resident delegated and authorised persons, the pharmacist signatory, §3.14.1 transfer of applicancy. Version 13 of 8 September 2025 is marked for comment and is not treated as in force.
  4. SAHPGL-INSP-02 version 10, Guidelines to Good Manufacturing Practice for Medicines, effective 13 April 2026 — the documentary GMP route and the recognised regulators. PIC/S membership register, recording SAHPRA's accession in July 2007 and the MHRA's in 1971 and 1999.
  5. SAHPRA Communication HPA-RNW01-2025/26, 21 August 2025, Medicines Certificate of Registration Renewal Implementation Framework — the six-month lead time, the roadmap to 2035 and the consequence of missing it. SAHPGL-LIC-02, Wholesale Licence Guide, June 2022. SAHPGL-CEM-S21-02 version 4, section 21 guideline, effective 5 September 2022.
  6. Regulations regarding Fees Payable in terms of Act 101 of 1965, 2025 — Government Notice 5856 in Government Gazette 52106, 12 February 2025, effective 13 February 2025; and SAHPGL-FIN-01 version 9, 12 February 2025. The schedule is published as a scan; the rand figures on this page reach us through a secondary compilation of that regulation and are marked.
  7. Regulations Relating to a Transparent Pricing System for Medicines and Scheduled Substances, made under s. 22G. Minister of Health v New Clicks South Africa (Pty) Ltd (CCT 59/2004) [2005] ZACC 14, 30 September 2005. Single Exit Price Adjustment Notice 29, Gazette 42183, 23 January 2019 — read in full, and the only adjustment figure on this page taken from the gazette. The 2026 notice is Government Notice 6881 in Gazette 53729 of 28 November 2025.
  8. SEP Update Guideline Document 2023, 24 October 2023 — the notice periods and the absence of an out-of-cycle increase route. 2023 TU-SEPI Instruction Document, 8 August 2023. Dispensing Fee for Pharmacists, 2026, Government Notice 7599 of 19 June 2026.
  9. Government Notice R.1211 in Government Gazette 33878, 17 December 2010 — the draft methodology for international benchmarking, its four-country basket and its two phases.
  10. SAHPRA 2024/25 Annual Report presented to the Portfolio Committee on Health, 8 October 2025, and the Annual Performance Plan 2024/25 — intake, output and targets, and the backlog clearance. GOV.UK, Check International Trade Barriers, barrier G53J39, reported 2 October 2020 and recorded resolved December 2022.
  11. Council for Medical Schemes Annual Report 2024/25 and its prescribed minimum benefits material. National Department of Health contract circular HP13-2025ARV/01 of 19 June 2026 for the local-preference wording. National Health Insurance Act, signed 15 May 2024; the Presidency's statement of 24 February 2026; Board of Healthcare Funders v President [2025] ZAGPPHC 429.
  12. South African Reserve Bank, Currency and Exchanges Manual for Authorised Dealers, version of 25 June 2026, section B.1.

Re-checked quarterly, and immediately on the outcome of the pricing-regulation review begun in August 2026, on any move on the 2010 benchmarking methodology, and on the Constitutional Court's judgment on the National Health Insurance Act. The dispensing-fee calculator above is a convenience built on published bands and is not a quotation.

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